#VIM DCOMMANDS HOW TO#

Changing TextĬhanging text involves the substitution of one section of text for another. Type O to open a line above the current cursor position. You can type several lines of text if you like. To experiment, type o followed by a bit of text. Type o to open a line below the current cursor position. Use these commands to open new lines, either above or below the current cursor position. Press Esc to return to command mode after you type the desired text. The command moves the cursor from any position on that line. Type I to insert text at the beginning of a line. Insert text to the left of the cursor by typing i from command mode. The cursor moves to the end of the line, where you can type your additions. To see how this command works, position the cursor anywhere on a text line and type A. Experiment by moving the cursor anywhere on a line and typing a, followed by the text you want to add. Type a (append) to insert text to the right of the cursor. Remember to press Esc to make sure you are in command mode. To use any of these commands, you must first be in command mode.

Note that each of these commands places vi in entry mode. This section introduces you to the most useful of these commands. Vi provides many commands for inserting text. To scroll backward one half of a screen, press Ctrl-U. To scroll backward (that is., move up) one screenful, press Ctrl-B. To scroll forward one half of a screen, press Ctrl-D. (Hold down the Control key and press the F key.) The cursor moves to the upper left corner of the new screen. To scroll forward (move down) one screenful, press Ctrl-F. However, if you're working from a remote terminal or in any other situation where your system is running slower than usual, this difference can become painfully apparent. On a fast system, you might not notice the difference. Paging moves the cursor up or down through the text a screenful at a time. Scrolling actually scrolls the cursor up or down through the text a line at a time, as though it were on a paper scroll. Note that paging and scrolling are fundamentally different. To try out these commands on paint, you might want to add text so you have a longer file to work with. You can page or scroll backward or forward through a file, a screen or a half-screen at a time. This scrolling can be an effective way to display more text in a short file, but it can be tedious to move this way through a long file. If you move down when the cursor is at the bottom of the screen, or move up when the cursor is at the top of the screen, you will see the text scroll up or down. Press L (“low”) to move the cursor to the bottom of the screen. Press M (“middle”) to move the cursor to the middle of the screen. Press H (“high”) to move the cursor to the top of the screen. Press the Space Bar to move the cursor one character to the right.

Press the Back Space key to move the cursor one character to the left. Press the Return key to move the cursor to the beginning of the next line down. Press $ to move the cursor to the end of the current line. Press ^ to move the cursor to the start of the current line. Press e (“end”) to move the cursor to the last character of the current word. Press W or B to move the cursor past the adjacent punctuation to the next or previous blank space. Press b (“back”) to move the cursor to the left one word at a time. Press w (“word”) to move the cursor to the right one word at a time. If the arrow keys don't work for you, you can use the following substitutes: The arrow key behavior depends on your terminal emulator. If you're using vi from a remote terminal, the arrow keys might not work correctly.

Notice that you can only move the cursor across already existing text or input spaces. You should be able to move the cursor freely about the screen by using combinations of the up, down, right, and left arrow keys. If your machine is equipped with arrow keys, try these now. The same command typed in lowercase and uppercase characters might have different effects. Certain letter keys, the arrow keys, and the Return key, Back Space (or Delete) key, and the Space Bar can all be used to move the cursor when you're in command mode. In command mode, you can move the cursor with a number of keyboard commands. When you start vi, the cursor is in the upper left corner of the vi screen. Open your practice file now, and try each of the commands that are discussed in this section. Now that you have created a file, you'll need to understand the concepts that are required to navigate within it.

#VIM DCOMMANDS HOW TO#

In the previous sections you learned how to create, save, print, and exit a vi file. The following sections explain the following categories of vi commands.

Vim dcommands